Perry West | Catholic News Agency
After the #suicide of a Missouri #priest last month, psychologists talked with CNA about the issues #priests can face when they need help with caring for their #mentalhealth.
Fr. Evan Harkins of Kansas City took his own life in late January, leaving parishioners and friends across the country mourning the beloved #priest.
Shortly after Harkin’s death, Bishop Vann Johnston of Kansas City-St. Joseph said the #priest had a “sunny” personality, but had begun to struggle with #anxiety and his physical health.
The bishop said the #priest’s decision to end his life might have been connected to his medication.
He said Harkins had developed serious stomach and gastrointestinal issues, which seemed to cause him #anxiety.
“He was given a prescription drug to deal with the #anxiety and was experiencing some of the extreme negative side effects of this drug including terrible nightmares, among other things,” Johnston explained.
Though the factors leading to his death are no doubt complicated, the #priest’s death has begun a discussion about the #mentalhealth needs of #priests, and the #stigmas that surround them.
Dr. Melinda Moore is a Licensed Psychologist and Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at Eastern Kentucky University and has studied Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS).
Moore told CNA that #suicideprevention steps are incredibly important. She pointed to studies that show how a single individual’s #suicide can have a devastating effect that ripples throughout the community.
“We’ve got 48,000 #Americans who are dying by #suicide every year. … [These are] #Americans who are killing themselves and leaving entire families, networks, communities devastated by their deaths. We know that for every person who dies by #suicide, there are 135 people exposed. Out of those 135, forty-eight people will be seriously impacted by the death.”
“What we know is these people who are impacted significantly, they have higher rates of #depression, #anxiety, #suicidalideation, and another study showed #suicideattempt. So not only are these 40,000 #Americans killing themselves every year, they’re leaving all this collateral damage that amounts to over 2 million people every year,” she said.
#Suicide among #priests, and #pastors of other Christian denominations, occurs more commonly than expected, Moore said. However, she said religious leaders often face #stigmas about seeking psychological help.
“#Priests are no different from the rest of us. The difference is that #priests and other clergy oftentimes are idealized and held to a standard where they feel like they can’t ask for help. They are the individuals that other people come to for help, and so they themselves feel like they can’t seek help.”
Moore said #suicide is not always tied to #mentalillness. But she said people who commit #suicide often encounter three feelings – not belonging, being a burden to others, and the sense that that could carry out lethal self-harm.
“They oftentimes feel like they’re a burden, and then they also sometimes feel like they no longer belong to a community that they once belonged to … It’s like they really feel like people would be better off if they weren’t alive, that they are a burden to their loved ones, ” Moore said.
“Lastly, there’s this thing called acquired capability to enact lethal self-harm. It’s sort of a fearlessness in the face of death. It actually takes a lot of courage to kill yourself,” she added.
Dr. Christina Lynch was director of psychological services at St. John Vianney Theological Seminary in Denver from 2007 until she retired about a month ago. Lynch is still a supervising psychologist for the seminary, and is an advisor for the Catholic Psychotherapy Association (CPA), which she previously served as president.
Lynch told CNA that #stigmas among #priests regarding psychology differ depending on several factors, like location, age, and community. She said counseling may be looked down upon by older generations, noting that millennials are more sympathetic to it.
Lynch also said a sense of shame about getting psychological help may worsen if the #priest or seminarian does not view the therapy setting as confidential or safe.
Shame among #priests about seeking help gets worse among #priests if #mentalhealthcare is not supported by the bishop or laity. Lynch applauded the decision of Bishop James Conley of Lincoln, who announced in December that he was taking a leave of absence to focus on #mentalhealth.
Lynch also said the laity have a unique opportunity to support #priests, even through simple actions like inviting them over to dinner.
“If they don’t have support from their bishop, they feel shame or they don’t want to go to counseling. So the support they received from the bishop is really important. I’m sure you read the article by Bishop Conley. I’ve heard from so many #priests since then that this just gave them courage.”
“The laity have a role to play with the parish #priest. They need to be praying for them, be friends with them. A lot of times laity are afraid to be really friends with their #priests … They need to be attentive to their #priests and make sure they’re supporting them … The more support a #priest is going to get from everybody instead of criticism, the better it is going to be for them.”
Dr. Cynthia Hunt, a Catholic psychologist, is a board advisor for the Catholic Medical Association and has also served as Chief of the Department of Psychiatry at the Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula.
Hunt said that #stigmas about #mentaltherapy are pervasive among clergy. She highlighted several reasons why #priests might consider therapy a difficult process to access.
“There seems to be a shame surrounding the very human need for assistance in the #mentalhealth realm,” she said.
“Some difficulties which might bar #priests from accessing therapy include their desire for more privacy (not wanting to sit in a waiting room), issues of shame, as noted above, as well as the desire to ‘work things out on their own’.”
“#Priests may consider their #depression or #anxiety a ‘flaw’ in their character. They also may not recognize the severity of their symptoms or realize that there is treatment,” Hunt added.
Hunt said that #anxiety and #depression can be as common among #priests as it is among the general population. She said hereditary traits may contribute to a priest’s emotional issues, and addictions, like alcohol abuse, can exacerbate the problems.
The psychologist highlighted the options that #priests can take to address these concerns.
“#Priests may obtain therapy from a variety of disciplines including Licensed Clinical Social Workers, Marriage Family Therapists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and other licensed professional counselors. The type of therapy can be tailored to the needs of the #priest to include but not limited to psychodynamic Therapy, trauma-informed therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, and affirmation therapy,” she said.
While rural areas may face a lack of counselors, Hunt noted, there has been an increase in telemedicine, where #priests can access therapy through video-platforms.
Hunt said psychological healing is best addressed through a holistic approach – a combination of biological, psychological, social and spiritual efforts. She said that while medication is not always necessary, it can be helpful, especially when coupled with counseling.
However, she added that some medications, like Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), have an occasional side effect, and people may continue to have recurring #anxiety and #depression throughout their life.
“SSRIs improve many symptoms of #anxiety and #depression through their biochemical action on neurotransmitters such as serotonin and others … With more balance again in the neurotransmitter system, many symptoms improve including but not limited to panic, chronic #anxiety levels, low mood, sleep or appetite issues, fatigue, lack of enjoyment of things once enjoyed and suicidal thinking,” she said.
“As with all medications, there can be side effects. In the case of SSRIs these tend to be quite mild and short-lived such as nausea and headache. There are very rare but serious effects which can include increased agitation, restlessness or suicidal thinking.”
In order to address the possibility of #suicide among #priests, Dr. Moore told CNA that dioceses should focus strongly on education regarding #suicideawareness and #suicideprevention methods.
She said the topic should be addressed at the pulpit, and dioceses should also make more resources available, including the #suicide hotline number and #healthcareprofessionals. She also said #priests should educate themselves through books designed to address their needs. Hunt mentioned “Preventing #Suicide: A Handbook for Pastors, Chaplains and Pastoral Counselors” by Karen Mason.
For her part, Moore applauded initiatives the Diocese of Lexington, Kentucky has begun to support #suicideprevention and #mentalhealth. She the dioceses has provided resources and sought to be more sympathetic to the deceased and their families.
#JamesDonaldson notes:
Welcome to the “next chapter” of my life… being a voice and an advocate for #mentalhealthawarenessandsuicideprevention, especially pertaining to our younger generation of students and student-athletes.
Getting men to speak up and reach out for help and assistance is one of my passions. Us men need to not suffer in silence or drown our sorrows in alcohol, hang out at bars and strip joints, or get involved with drug use.
Having gone through a recent bout of #depression and #suicidalthoughts myself, I realize now, that I can make a huge difference in the lives of so many by sharing my story, and by sharing various resources I come across as I work in this space. #http://bit.ly/JamesMentalHealthArticle
“[I am] very pleased that the Diocese of Lexington, which is led by Bishop John Stowe, has been very much an ally in putting out messages around being attuned and being sensitive to people who are in crisis … but then also those people who’ve lost a loved one to #suicide, making sure that the loved one who died is not demonized, and that the loved ones are provided resources.”
Father Anthony Sciarappa, the parochial vicar of Holy Spirit Parish of Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, told CNA about his experience with therapy and #mentalhealth. He said, during his first year of seminary, he struggled with #anxiety and #depression.
“We had lots of events as seminarians where we put on our seminary uniform and we were supposed to meet with people, talk with people and all that was overwhelming. I would be physically, like, ill and sick, just paralyzed with that.”
“I have been suffering from #anxiety and #depression and I thought that’s just how everyone lives and that was just normal,” he said.
Sciarrappa’s bishop lived at the seminary where he studied. About six months into Scriarappa’s formation, the bishop, having spoken with the seminary faculty, encouraged the young seminarian to enter into therapy.
“When the bishop told me, I think I just started crying and his office right there, because it was just so overwhelming to be faced with the fact that I do need help,” he said.
It was a difficult concept to grasp, he noted, because therapy and #mentalillness were not topics typically discussed during his childhood. He said, among other #stigmas, he considered therapy to be a tool for crazy people.
“I didn’t know anybody who had done this before. It wasn’t something that was ever just talked about in my circles growing up,” he said.
He went to a therapist for about three years. He went back to counseling during major seminary in Washington D.C. He described therapy as both a difficult and valuable process.
During counseling, Sciarappa said, he had to work through “core wounds” and the issues affected by habits learned during childhood. He said, “going through that is really hard work.”
“There were so many days I’d be exhausted after everything, but once [I brought] those things into the light I could make more sense of my life.”
It got easier as he progressed through the process, Sciarappa noted, stating that he began to acknowledge the fruits of therapy and witness its impact on his health. He said, because of therapy, he learned the tools and skills to cope with #depression and #anxiety. He said it helped to better understand himself and what to expect from these kinds of struggles
“It was like mechanisms and how to cope and strategies,” he said. “Now we see what’s going on with the problem and why that’s going on. For me, finding out why I struggled with this then helped me deal with it more and more.”
When asked about how to best #priests can maintain #mentalhealth, Sciarappa stressed the importance of outside support, including spiritual direction, close friendships, and a #priest support group to which he belongs.
The priestly support group meets once a month at one of the member’s rectories. At each meeting, there are two moderators, one a trained therapist, to help the team keep on track.
He said the group discusses personal struggles, like #loneliness, but also struggles particular to #priests, including the clerical abuse scandals, and #priest relocation. Sciarappa said it is significant to have peers to confide in. It is not appropriate to be as open with parishioners, he added, noting it is nevertheless valuable to have community among the laity.
“It’s so important to have a brother #priest so he can talk honestly about stuff, about difficulties, about insecurities,” he said. “I’m not going to spill my guts out to the random parishioner– that would be unhealthy for them and for me.”
“I think it’s [valuable to have] supportive, close friends, #priests, laypeople. That’s the biggest thing,” he said. “I’ll talk about different things in those different circles or talk about them in different ways, but that way nothing that is going on stays in the darkness.”
Sciarappa said it’s difficult to enter into these suffering places, recognizing one’s need for help and therapy. However, he said the experience has also given him more empathy and allowed him to truly experience the grace of #God.
“It’s given me tools where I can recognize it in other people. The big thing … it’s made me a more empathetic person,” he said.
“Going through that suffering and having #Christ redeem it and heal me more and more, when I speak to people about hope, when I speak to people [about] how healing can happen, I can speak about it from a place of experience. It’s not theoretical, I really mean it. And that’s going to change the way you preach. That’s going to change the way you talk to people.”
James Donaldson is a Washington State University graduate (’79). After an outstanding basketball career with WSU, he went on to play professional basketball in the NBA with the Seattle Supersonics, San Diego/L.A. Clippers, Dallas Mavericks, New York Knicks, and Utah Jazz. He also played for several teams in the European Leagues in Spain, Italy, and Greece, and he toured with The Harlem Globetrotters to wrap up his career. James was an NBA All-Star in 1988 while playing center for the Dallas Mavericks. In 2006, James was inducted into the Pac-10 Sports Hall of Fame and also the Washington State University Athletic Hall of Fame. In 2010, James was elected as a board member for the NBA Retired Players Association.
James frequently conducts speaking engagements (motivational, inspirational, educational) for organizations, schools, and youth groups.
In 2010, James was the recipient of the NBA Legends of Basketball ABC Award, awarded for outstanding contributions in Athletics–Business–Community.
He believes in being a role model for success and professionalism to the scores of young people to whom he devotes so much of his time. He currently serves on several boards and committees and is a member of many organizations.
James believes in developing relationships that create a “Win-Win” environment for everyone involved, and in being the best he can be!
For more information about James Donaldson or to request he speak at your event, contact him at:
www.StandingAboveTheCrowd.com
[email protected]
1-800-745-3161 (voicemail & fax)
James Donaldson is the author of “Standing Above The Crowd” and “Celebrating Your Gift of Life” and founder of the Your Gift of Life Foundation which focuses on mental health awareness and suicide prevention, especially pertaining to our school aged children and men.
If you’re interested in having James come and speak to your group of young adults, business entrepreneurs, aspiring political and community leaders, and athletic teams, please contact him at [email protected] and or leave a personal message for him at 1-800-745-3161. Keep up with him and read about how he is reaching out and making a difference in the lives of so many around the world at www.yourgiftoflife.org
